Maintaining Septic Tank Systems
Many homeowners have septic tanks instead of access to a public sewer system, yet few people understand how the tank works and what can go wrong. There is a point where expensive professional help is almost always required unless preventive treatments are carried out, but a basic understanding of how the tanks work is necessary before understanding how preventive treatments work.
This is how a tank works:
A large pipe extends underground from the home carrying waste into the tank.
This organic waste produces bacteria whose purpose is to digest the waste; however, some waste becomes solidified and sinks to the bottom of the tank where it becomes sludge.
Other undigested materials, including grease, rise to the top to form scum. The scum can later build up and reach the pipe which exits the tank to drain fields causing a blockage and sometimes a backing up of waste into the home itself. When this happens, the tank will need to be pumped by a professional.
The keys to proper functioning of the septic tank are: 1. Keeping the digesting bacteria, which already exists in the waste or sewage which leaves the home. This bacteria is responsible for the digesting and breaking down of the waste into a form which easily flows into and through the drain fields. Many common household products destroy the bacteria. Unfortunately, the clogging usually goes undetected until a back-up into the house occurs. 2. Keeping roots out of the pipes. A strong chemical must be used to destroy the roots.